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Memory aids
Page history last edited by Austin 10 mos ago
Rhymes, acronyms, mnemonics; any technique for memorising all the stuff we've got to learn.
Plenty more here: http://www.medicalmnemonics.com/
- Distal attachments of the sartorius, gracilis and semitendinosus all at the pes anserinus:
- remember Say Grace before Tea for Satorius, Gracilis, semiTendinosus.
- "Pes anserinus" means goose's foot.
- Structures in the femoral triangle:
- NAVEL: Nerve, artery, vein, empty (lymphatics and adipose tissue), lacunar ligament.
- Also, to remember which of the artery and vein is lateral and medial: "venous near the penis" :-)
- Direction that sacrum moves:
- "Counter Nutation" direction is Coccyx to Nuts. Ho ho ho...
- "Nutare" is Latin for "nodding", and nutation is "nodding" of the sacrum (base anteriorly, apex moves posteriorly, rotating around the SI join, roughly at S2)
- Structures lying posterior to the medial malleolus, from anterior to posterior:
- Tom, Dick and very nervous Harry.
- Tibialis posterior tendon; Flexor Digitorum longus tendon; Posterior tibial Artery; Posterior tibial Vein; Tibial Nerve; Flexor Hallucis longus tendon
- Openings in the diaphragm:
- Caval, oEsophageal, Aortal: Come Enter the Abdomen
- Remembering vertebral levels of structures penetrating the diaphragm:
- Aortic hiatus = 12 letters = T12
- Oesophagus = 10 letters = T10
- Vena cava = 8 letters = T8
- Atrial valves of the heart:
- LABRAT: Left atrium = bicuspid. Right atrium = tricuspid.
- The diaPHRagm is innervated by the PHRenic nerves. A helpful rhyme from Sue Palfreyman:
- C3, 4, 5 keeps your diaphragm alive
- S2, 3, 4 stops you shitting on the floor (sphincter control!)
- Remembering the dorsal and plantar interosseous muscles of the foot:
- DAB (Dorsal interossei ABduct) and PAD (Plantar interossei ADduct), then logic can tell you where these muscles insert.
- Sciatic nerve and compartments of the thigh:
- MAP OF sciatic:
-
| Medial |
Obturator |
| Anterior |
Femoral |
| Posterior |
sciatic |
- Genu valgum: knees are gummed together = knock-kneed.
- Lumbar plexus: Interested In Getting Laid On Fridays:
- Iliohypogastric [L1]
- Ilioinguinal [L1]
- Genitofemoral [L1, L2]
- Lateral femoral cutaneous [L2, L3]
- Obturator [L2, L3, L4]
- Femoral [L2, L3, L4]
- Lungs: Left Lung has the Lingula.
- Wikipedia has a nice mnemonic on the boundaries of the inguinal canal (see the article for details) - MALT:
- Muscles (superiorly/roof)
- Aponeuroses (Anteriorly)
- Ligaments (inferiorly/floor)
- Tendons (posteriorly)
- Retroperitoneal structures:
- SAD PUCKER
- Suprarenal glands
- Aorta & IVC
- Duodenum (half)
- Pancreas
- Ureters
- Colon (ascending & descending)
- Kidneys
- oEsophagus (anterior & left covered)
- Rectum
- Bones of the wrist (thanks Annie!):
- Lateral to medial, distal row them proximal row:
- Touching Tits Causes Happiness = trapezium, trapezoid, capitate, hamate.
- So Let's Touch Plenty = scaphoid, lunate, triquetrum, pisiform.
- Cranial nerves: How to remember their names:
| I. On |
Olfactory (it's number 1 because you have one nose...) |
| II. Old |
Optic (...and this is number 2 because you have two eyes) |
| III. Olympus' |
Oculomotor |
| IV. Towering |
Trochlear |
| V. top |
Trigeminal |
| VI. A |
Abducens |
| VII. Friendly |
Facial |
| VIII. Viking |
Vestibulocochlear (acoustic) |
| IX. Grew |
Glossopharyngeal |
| X. Vines |
Vagus |
| XI. And |
Accessory |
| XII. Hops |
Hypoglossal |
- Cranial nerves: How to remember which are sensory, which are motor, and which are both:
| I |
Some |
Sensory |
| II |
Say |
Sensory |
| III |
Marry |
Motor |
| IV |
Money |
Motor |
| V |
But |
Both |
| VI |
My |
Motor |
| VII |
Brother |
Both |
| VIII |
Says |
Sensory |
| IX |
Big |
Both |
| X |
Boobs |
Both |
| XI |
Matter |
Motor |
| XII |
Most |
Motor |
- Cranial nerves, how to remember their exit points from the skull: "Come On Said Sidney, Standing Room Only. Some Stayed In 3 Jugglers Hips".
-
| I |
C |
Cribriform plate |
| II |
O |
Optic canal |
| III |
S |
Sup orbital fissure |
| IV |
S |
Sup orbital fissure |
| V |
SRO |
Sup orbital fissure
Foramen rotundum
Foramen ovale
|
| VI |
S |
Sup orbital fissure |
| VII |
S |
Stylomastoid foramen |
| VIII |
I |
Internal acoustic meatus |
| IX |
J |
Jugular foramen |
| X |
J |
Jugular foramen |
| XI |
J |
Jugular foramen |
| XII |
H |
Hypoglossal canal |
-
- Cranial nerve VII, facial nerve. How to remember its branches:
| To |
Temporal branch |
| Zanzibar |
Zygomatic branch |
| By |
Buccal branch |
| Motor |
Marginal mandibular branch |
| Car |
Cervical branch |
- Contents of superior optic fissure: Lazy French tarts sit naked in anticipation of sex
-
| Lazy |
Lacrimal nerve |
| French |
Frontal nerve |
| tarts |
Trochlear nerve |
| sit |
Superior division of oculomotor nerve |
| naked |
Nasociliary nerve |
| in |
Inferior division of oculomotor nerve |
| anticipation |
Abducens nerve |
| of |
Ophthalmic vein |
| sex |
Sympathetic nerves |
- Humeral attachments of latissimus dorsi, pectoralis major, and teres major:
- The "lady" (lati) sits between two "majors"
- Therefore, pec major attaches to the lateral lip of bicipital groove, lat dorsi attaches to the floor of bicipital groove, teres major attaches to the medial lip of bicipital groove.
- Humeral attachments of the rotator cuff muscles: SIT
- 3 attach on greater tuberosity of humerus, one attaches to lesser tuberosity.
- The greater tuberosity has 3 facets: superior, middle, and inferior.
- SIT = Supraspinatus, Infraspinatus, Teres minor.
- So superior facet = Supraspinatus. Middle facet = Infraspinatus. Inferior facet = Teres minor.
- Only one more rotator cuff muscle left: subscapularis. This attaches to the lesser tuberosity.
- Nerve roots for innervation of rotator cuff muscles:
- There are four rotator cuff muscles. Most of them are innervated from C4 to C6.
- But subscapularis is innervated from lower roots (sub meaning below). So it is innervated by C5 to C7.
- Innervation of serratus anterior: C5-6-7 raise your arms to heaven (nerve roots of long thoracic nerve)
- ElBow: Three Bs Bend elBow: Biceps, Brachialis, Brachioradialis
- Levator scapulae: Levator rhymes with four: nerve supply from C1-C4.
- Tracy's method for drawing and remembering the brachial plexus.
- Maps of the nerves of upper extremity and lower extremity -- thanks Margaret.
- Courtesy of the 2005 intake Standard Pathway students, and Debra G, here's a student-built document with all the foot techniques we learned in 2nd year.
- Kristin found an animation of the flow of CSF.
- Spondylarthropathies:
- "Spondyl" means vertebra or spine.
-
| |
suffix |
Definition |
Explanation |
| Spondyl |
osis |
Degenerative arthritis. |
"-osis" means "functional disorder" (a bit vague!!) |
| Spondyl |
olysis |
Defect in pars articularis, often resulting in fracture. |
"-olysis" means "disintegration" or "destruction" |
| Spondyl |
olisthesis |
Anterior displacement of vertebra in relation to vert below. |
"-olisthesis" means "slip", as in "listing". |
| Spondyl |
itis |
Inflammation of vertebra. (Can be caused by tuberculous disease. "Ankylosing spondylitis" is an autoimmune disease). |
"-itis" means "inflammation", as in meningitis, arthritis, etc. |
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- Some lovely documents from Annie's husband James, kindly scanned by Yan:
- Lisa's wonderful Excel spreadsheet of the peripheral nerves of the UEx.
- Any more..?
Memory aids
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